How to Learn Imperative in Italian

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The goal of this article is not to substitute a serious course in Italian language. But to make interested people ready for such an endeavour. One of the first things you might need in a foreign language is to ask them to do something for you. This is a basic "How to" for that.

Steps

  1. Go to wikiHow article How to Pronounce Italian Words
  2. Note that each Italian verb has four modes,
    • Infinitive (infinito).
    • Gerund (gerundio).
    • Present Participle (participio presente).
    • Past Participle (participio passato).
  3. Note that imperative usually addresses the second person (singular or plural). In Italian it could mean to address a third person (for instance, he should leave). Also it can be addressed to first person plural (that is, let' s leave, as an example).
  4. Recognise that Italian verbs in infinitive forms terminate to these endings
    • are : Example, parlare (to talk)
      • They are called -are verbs.
    • ere : Example, vedere (to see)
      • They are called -ere verbs.
    • ire : Example, capire (to understand)
      • They are called -ire verbs.
  5. Recognise stem. When you drop an ending from a verb what that remains is said to be the stem of that verb. Hence, parl-, ved-, and cap- are stems of three mentioned example.
  6. Know division of Italian verbs into regular and irregular.
    • You cannot recognise irregular verbs from their stems or their endings.
    • Irregular verbs does not follow certain grammar rules to build different tenses, and participle out of them. They should be memorised and practiced until become skilled in using them.
      • For example, avere (to have) changes to ho when you want to say, "I have" without any connection to its stem, av.
      • In contrast, parlare (to talk) becomes parlo (I talk) according to general rule to drop are and add o to stem to make the first person present tense. You can recognise that stem has been kept as it is in the infinitive.
  7. Use polite imperative. Most of the time the polite form of imperative is used. A foreigner must always uses the polite form until becomes fully fluent in Italian.
  8. Learn imperative for regular verbs.
    • Learn imperative for -are verbs.
      • Singular : drop ending add i. Example : parli
      • Plural : drop ending add ino. Example : parlino
    • Learn imperative for -ere verbs.
      • Singular : drop ending add a. Example : rida
      • Plural : drop ending add ano. Example : ridano
    • Learn imperative for -ire verbs.
      • Singular : drop ending add a. Example : parta
      • Plural : drop ending add ano. Example : partano
    • Learn imperative for certain -ire verbs.
      • Singular : drop ending add isc then add a. Example : capisca
      • Plural : drop ending add isc then add ano. Example : capiscano

Nonpolite Forms of Imperative

  1. Note that non-polite forms of second persons addressed by the "imperative" are tu (singular you) and voi (plural you).
  2. Learn imperative for regular verbs.
    • Learn imperative for -are verbs.
      • Singular : drop ending add a. Example : (tu) parla
      • Plural : drop ending add ate. Example : (voi) parlate
    • Learn imperative for -ere verbs.
      • Singular : drop ending add i. Example : (tu) ridi
      • Plural : drop ending add ete. Example : (voi) ridete
    • Learn imperative for -ire verbs.
      • Singular : drop ending add i. Example : (tu) parti
      • Plural : drop ending add ite. Example : (voi) partite
    • Learn imperative for certain -ire verbs.
      • Singular : drop ending add isc then add i. Example : (tu) capisci
      • Plural : drop ending add i then add amo. Example : (voi) capiamo

Imperative First Person Plural

  1. Note that this is equivalent to "Let us" in english. English only adds this phrase to infinitive without to.
  2. Note also that this is easiest to learn. All are the same.
    • Learn imperative for -are verbs.
      • Drop ending add iamo. Example : (noi) parliamo
    • Learn imperative for -ere verbs.
      • Drop ending add iamo. Example : (noi) ridiamo
    • Learn imperative for -ire verbs.
      • Drop ending add iamo. Example : (noi) partiamo
  3. Follow the same pattern even for irregular verbs. For example dare (to give) makes diamo (let us give) or avere (to have) becomes abbiamo (let's have).

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